BA_SL_4 Spanish Language 4

University of Finance and Administration
Summer 2025
Extent and Intensity
0/2/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Guaranteed by
Mgr. Lucia Majlátová, Ph.D.
Subdepartment of Languages – Department of Social Sciences – Departments – University of Finance and Administration
Contact Person: Ivana Plačková
Prerequisites
BA_SL_3 Spanish Language 3
The requirement for the completion of this course is completion of the course BA_SL_3.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
Course objectives: The course is established for beginners or false beginners. At the end of the course learners should be able to understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce theirselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and are prepared to help. Basic grammar has to be explained: nouns´and pronouns´ declension, word order in clauses, negation. Learners are prepared to gradually achieve the level of A1 by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, respectively A2 by false beginners.
Learning outcomes
On successful completion of the course students will have acquired skills in all four areas of the language (reading, writing, speaking and listening). By the end of the course the average student will be able to understand interactions in everyday settings; in addition he or she will be able to name common objects of daily life, to express a range of basic wishes, and to use the present and past tenses to narrate simple events. Reading is a component of the course, and by the end of the semester students will be able to read brief texts and understand the fundamentals of Spanish textual structures. Students will also practice writing intensively and will be able to narrate events and communicate basic information about themselves. At the end of the course students will have proficiency in Spanish equivalent to level A2 of the Common European Framework.
Syllabus
  • This sylabus is designed for both the full-time and the part-time study programme. Seminars' content:
  • 1-3 Lesson 11: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 4-6 Lesson 11 (grammar): Time expressions with hacer, Irregular preterits, The preterit of stem-changing verbs, (e:i and o:u) Command forms: tú 7-9: Lesson 11 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 10-12 Lesson 12: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 13-15 Lesson 12 (grammar): En and a as equivalents of at, The imperfect tense, The past progressive, The preterit contrasted with the imperfect 16-18 Lesson 12 (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 19-21 Lesson 13: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 22-23 Lesson 13 (grammar): Changes in meaning with the imperfect and preterit of conocer, saber, and querer, Hace meaning ago, Uses of se ¿Qué? and ¿cuál? used with ser 24-26 Lesson 13 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 27-29 Lesson 14: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 30-32 Lesson 14: The past participle, The present perfect tense The past perfect (pluperfect) tense, (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 33-35 Repaso lecciones 11-14
Literature
    required literature
  • JARVIS, Ana C. (2011) Basic Spanish For Business and Finance. Second Edition. Heinle, Cengage Learning. ISBN - 13: 978-0-495-90265-2.
Teaching methods
Seminars in both types of study (full-time students and part-time students). The explanation of grammar and vocabulary items will be immediately followed by practical exercises - individual work, work in pairs, group work. Special focus will be given to the evaluation of students' progress.
Assessment methods
Assessment methods:
The course is completed with a credit.
SPECIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT
1 OBLIGATORY PARTICIPATION IN LESSONS The extent of obligatory participation in lessons has been stipulated as follows: 75% applies to full-time students. The subject is assessed based on the student's results in the Credit Test. It testifies to the fulfilment of study obligations.
2 CREDIT TEST Reaching the result of minimum 30 points out of 50 points (maximum) is the precondition to gain the credit. The student is entitled to one regular attempt and he/she can do two resits to pass the Credit Test with the lecturer assigned to him.
Note: The students who will be convicted of fundamental violation of the Study and Examination Code while writing the Credit Test (namely the forbidden use of mobile phones, spy pen cameras etc.) will automatically get the assessment “---“ (i.e. failed).
3 INSUFFICIENT ATTENDANCE In case of insufficient attendance between 75-40%, the assessment “-“ will be entered into the IS and the person concerned automatically loses one attempt to sit the test. The seminar attendance less than 40 % means that the student didn't meet the minimum required study obligations and he/she will be assessed as failed “---". In such a case the student will have to transfer the subject into the following term/academic year, and following the purchase of the necessary credits he/she will have again three attempts to pass the subject (to write the test).
4 STUDENTS WITH INDIVIDUAL STUDY PLAN The students with the approved Individual Study Plan (ISP) are obliged to get in touch with their lecturer in three weeks’ time at the very latest since the beginning of the term in order to agree alternative ways to fulfil their study obligations due to optional attendance. In case the student verifiably neglects this obligation, he/she will be assessed as failed and the code of “---“ will be entered into the IS. The students who were given the status of ISP on the course of the running term are obliged to contact their assigned lecturer in 14 days at the very latest.
Language of instruction
English
Follow-Up Courses
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 12 hodin KS/semestr.
The course is also listed under the following terms Summer 2013, Summer 2014, Summer 2015, Summer 2016, Summer 2017, Summer 2018, Summer 2019, Summer 2020, Summer 2021, Summer 2022, Summer 2023, Summer 2024.

BA_SL_4 Spanish Language 4

University of Finance and Administration
Summer 2024
Extent and Intensity
0/2/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Lucia Majlátová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
Mgr. Lucia Majlátová, Ph.D.
Subdepartment of Languages – Department of Social Sciences – Departments – University of Finance and Administration
Contact Person: Ivana Plačková
Timetable of Seminar Groups
BA_SL_4/2ECMCPH: each odd Monday 17:30–18:14 E228, each odd Monday 18:15–19:00 E228, each odd Monday 19:15–19:59 E228, each odd Monday 20:00–20:45 E228, except Mon 12. 2. ; and Mon 12. 2. 17:30–19:00 S23, 19:15–20:45 S23, L. Majlátová
Prerequisites
BA_SL_3 Spanish Language 3
The requirement for the completion of this course is completion of the course BA_SL_3.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
Course objectives: The course is established for beginners or false beginners. At the end of the course learners should be able to understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce theirselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and are prepared to help. Basic grammar has to be explained: nouns´and pronouns´ declension, word order in clauses, negation. Learners are prepared to gradually achieve the level of A1 by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, respectively A2 by false beginners.
Learning outcomes
On successful completion of the course students will have acquired skills in all four areas of the language (reading, writing, speaking and listening). By the end of the course the average student will be able to understand interactions in everyday settings; in addition he or she will be able to name common objects of daily life, to express a range of basic wishes, and to use the present and past tenses to narrate simple events. Reading is a component of the course, and by the end of the semester students will be able to read brief texts and understand the fundamentals of Spanish textual structures. Students will also practice writing intensively and will be able to narrate events and communicate basic information about themselves. At the end of the course students will have proficiency in Spanish equivalent to level A2 of the Common European Framework.
Syllabus
  • This sylabus is designed for both the full-time and the part-time study programme. Seminars' content:
  • 1-3 Lesson 11: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 4-6 Lesson 11 (grammar): Time expressions with hacer, Irregular preterits, The preterit of stem-changing verbs, (e:i and o:u) Command forms: tú 7-9: Lesson 11 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 10-12 Lesson 12: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 13-15 Lesson 12 (grammar): En and a as equivalents of at, The imperfect tense, The past progressive, The preterit contrasted with the imperfect 16-18 Lesson 12 (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 19-21 Lesson 13: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 22-23 Lesson 13 (grammar): Changes in meaning with the imperfect and preterit of conocer, saber, and querer, Hace meaning ago, Uses of se ¿Qué? and ¿cuál? used with ser 24-26 Lesson 13 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 27-29 Lesson 14: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 30-32 Lesson 14: The past participle, The present perfect tense The past perfect (pluperfect) tense, (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 33-35 Repaso lecciones 11-14
Literature
    required literature
  • JARVIS, Ana C. (2011) Basic Spanish For Business and Finance. Second Edition. Heinle, Cengage Learning. ISBN - 13: 978-0-495-90265-2.
Teaching methods
Seminars in both types of study (full-time students and part-time students). The explanation of grammar and vocabulary items will be immediately followed by practical exercises - individual work, work in pairs, group work. Special focus will be given to the evaluation of students' progress.
Assessment methods
Assessment methods:
The course is completed with a credit.
SPECIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT
1 OBLIGATORY PARTICIPATION IN LESSONS The extent of obligatory participation in lessons has been stipulated as follows: 75% applies to full-time students. The subject is assessed based on the student's results in the Credit Test. It testifies to the fulfilment of study obligations.
2 CREDIT TEST Reaching the result of minimum 30 points out of 50 points (maximum) is the precondition to gain the credit. The student is entitled to one regular attempt and he/she can do two resits to pass the Credit Test with the lecturer assigned to him.
Note: The students who will be convicted of fundamental violation of the Study and Examination Code while writing the Credit Test (namely the forbidden use of mobile phones, spy pen cameras etc.) will automatically get the assessment “---“ (i.e. failed).
3 INSUFFICIENT ATTENDANCE In case of insufficient attendance between 75-40%, the assessment “-“ will be entered into the IS and the person concerned automatically loses one attempt to sit the test. The seminar attendance less than 40 % means that the student didn't meet the minimum required study obligations and he/she will be assessed as failed “---". In such a case the student will have to transfer the subject into the following term/academic year, and following the purchase of the necessary credits he/she will have again three attempts to pass the subject (to write the test).
4 STUDENTS WITH INDIVIDUAL STUDY PLAN The students with the approved Individual Study Plan (ISP) are obliged to get in touch with their lecturer in three weeks’ time at the very latest since the beginning of the term in order to agree alternative ways to fulfil their study obligations due to optional attendance. In case the student verifiably neglects this obligation, he/she will be assessed as failed and the code of “---“ will be entered into the IS. The students who were given the status of ISP on the course of the running term are obliged to contact their assigned lecturer in 14 days at the very latest.
Language of instruction
English
Follow-Up Courses
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 12 hodin KS/semestr.
The course is also listed under the following terms Summer 2013, Summer 2014, Summer 2015, Summer 2016, Summer 2017, Summer 2018, Summer 2019, Summer 2020, Summer 2021, Summer 2022, Summer 2023, Summer 2025.

BA_SL_4 Spanish Language 4

University of Finance and Administration
Summer 2023
Extent and Intensity
0/2/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Lucia Majlátová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
Mgr. Lucia Majlátová, Ph.D.
Subdepartment of Languages – Department of Social Sciences – Departments – University of Finance and Administration
Contact Person: Ivana Plačková
Timetable of Seminar Groups
BA_SL_4/2ECMCPH: each even Wednesday 17:30–18:14 E224, each even Wednesday 18:15–19:00 E224, each even Wednesday 19:15–19:59 E224, each even Wednesday 20:00–20:45 E224, L. Majlátová
Prerequisites
BA_SL_3 Spanish Language 3
The requirement for the completion of this course is completion of the course BA_SL_3.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
Course objectives: The course is established for beginners or false beginners. At the end of the course learners should be able to understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce theirselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and are prepared to help. Basic grammar has to be explained: nouns´and pronouns´ declension, word order in clauses, negation. Learners are prepared to gradually achieve the level of A1 by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, respectively A2 by false beginners.
Learning outcomes
On successful completion of the course students will have acquired skills in all four areas of the language (reading, writing, speaking and listening). By the end of the course the average student will be able to understand interactions in everyday settings; in addition he or she will be able to name common objects of daily life, to express a range of basic wishes, and to use the present and past tenses to narrate simple events. Reading is a component of the course, and by the end of the semester students will be able to read brief texts and understand the fundamentals of Spanish textual structures. Students will also practice writing intensively and will be able to narrate events and communicate basic information about themselves. At the end of the course students will have proficiency in Spanish equivalent to level A2 of the Common European Framework.
Syllabus
  • This sylabus is designed for both the full-time and the part-time study programme. Seminars' content:
  • 1-3 Lesson 11: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 4-6 Lesson 11 (grammar): Time expressions with hacer, Irregular preterits, The preterit of stem-changing verbs, (e:i and o:u) Command forms: tú 7-9: Lesson 11 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 10-12 Lesson 12: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 13-15 Lesson 12 (grammar): En and a as equivalents of at, The imperfect tense, The past progressive, The preterit contrasted with the imperfect 16-18 Lesson 12 (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 19-21 Lesson 13: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 22-23 Lesson 13 (grammar): Changes in meaning with the imperfect and preterit of conocer, saber, and querer, Hace meaning ago, Uses of se ¿Qué? and ¿cuál? used with ser 24-26 Lesson 13 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 27-29 Lesson 14: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 30-32 Lesson 14: The past participle, The present perfect tense The past perfect (pluperfect) tense, (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 33-35 Repaso lecciones 11-14
Literature
    required literature
  • JARVIS, Ana C. (2011) Basic Spanish For Business and Finance. Second Edition. Heinle, Cengage Learning. ISBN - 13: 978-0-495-90265-2.
Teaching methods
Seminars in both types of study (full-time students and part-time students). The explanation of grammar and vocabulary items will be immediately followed by practical exercises - individual work, work in pairs, group work. Special focus will be given to the evaluation of students' progress.
Assessment methods
Assessment methods:
The course is completed with a credit.
SPECIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT
1 OBLIGATORY PARTICIPATION IN LESSONS The extent of obligatory participation in lessons has been stipulated as follows: 75% applies to full-time students. The subject is assessed based on the student's results in the Credit Test. It testifies to the fulfilment of study obligations.
2 CREDIT TEST Reaching the result of minimum 30 points out of 50 points (maximum) is the precondition to gain the credit. The student is entitled to one regular attempt and he/she can do two resits to pass the Credit Test with the lecturer assigned to him.
Note: The students who will be convicted of fundamental violation of the Study and Examination Code while writing the Credit Test (namely the forbidden use of mobile phones, spy pen cameras etc.) will automatically get the assessment “---“ (i.e. failed).
3 INSUFFICIENT ATTENDANCE In case of insufficient attendance between 75-40%, the assessment “-“ will be entered into the IS and the person concerned automatically loses one attempt to sit the test. The seminar attendance less than 40 % means that the student didn't meet the minimum required study obligations and he/she will be assessed as failed “---". In such a case the student will have to transfer the subject into the following term/academic year, and following the purchase of the necessary credits he/she will have again three attempts to pass the subject (to write the test).
4 STUDENTS WITH INDIVIDUAL STUDY PLAN The students with the approved Individual Study Plan (ISP) are obliged to get in touch with their lecturer in three weeks’ time at the very latest since the beginning of the term in order to agree alternative ways to fulfil their study obligations due to optional attendance. In case the student verifiably neglects this obligation, he/she will be assessed as failed and the code of “---“ will be entered into the IS. The students who were given the status of ISP on the course of the running term are obliged to contact their assigned lecturer in 14 days at the very latest.
Language of instruction
English
Follow-Up Courses
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 12 hodin KS/semestr.
The course is also listed under the following terms Summer 2013, Summer 2014, Summer 2015, Summer 2016, Summer 2017, Summer 2018, Summer 2019, Summer 2020, Summer 2021, Summer 2022, Summer 2024, Summer 2025.

BA_SL_4 Spanish Language 4

University of Finance and Administration
Summer 2022
Extent and Intensity
0/2/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Lucia Majlátová, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
Mgr. Lucia Majlátová, Ph.D.
Subdepartment of Languages – Department of Social Sciences – Departments – University of Finance and Administration
Contact Person: Ivana Plačková
Timetable of Seminar Groups
BA_SL_4/2ECMCPH: Wed 15:45–16:29 E307, Wed 16:30–17:15 E307, except Wed 9. 2. ; and Thu 24. 2. 12:15–13:45 E224, L. Majlátová
Prerequisites
BA_SL_3 Spanish Language 3
The requirement for the completion of this course is completion of the course BA_SL_3.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
Course objectives: The course is established for beginners or false beginners. At the end of the course learners should be able to understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce theirselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and are prepared to help. Basic grammar has to be explained: nouns´and pronouns´ declension, word order in clauses, negation. Learners are prepared to gradually achieve the level of A1 by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, respectively A2 by false beginners.
Learning outcomes
On successful completion of the course students will have acquired skills in all four areas of the language (reading, writing, speaking and listening). By the end of the course the average student will be able to understand interactions in everyday settings; in addition he or she will be able to name common objects of daily life, to express a range of basic wishes, and to use the present and past tenses to narrate simple events. Reading is a component of the course, and by the end of the semester students will be able to read brief texts and understand the fundamentals of Spanish textual structures. Students will also practice writing intensively and will be able to narrate events and communicate basic information about themselves. At the end of the course students will have proficiency in Spanish equivalent to level A2 of the Common European Framework.
Syllabus
  • This sylabus is designed for both the full-time and the part-time study programme. Seminars' content:
  • 1-3 Lesson 11: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 4-6 Lesson 11 (grammar): Time expressions with hacer, Irregular preterits, The preterit of stem-changing verbs, (e:i and o:u) Command forms: tú 7-9: Lesson 11 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 10-12 Lesson 12: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 13-15 Lesson 12 (grammar): En and a as equivalents of at, The imperfect tense, The past progressive, The preterit contrasted with the imperfect 16-18 Lesson 12 (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 19-21 Lesson 13: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 22-23 Lesson 13 (grammar): Changes in meaning with the imperfect and preterit of conocer, saber, and querer, Hace meaning ago, Uses of se ¿Qué? and ¿cuál? used with ser 24-26 Lesson 13 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 27-29 Lesson 14: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 30-32 Lesson 14: The past participle, The present perfect tense The past perfect (pluperfect) tense, (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 33-35 Repaso lecciones 11-14
Literature
    required literature
  • JARVIS, Ana C. (2011) Basic Spanish For Business and Finance. Second Edition. Heinle, Cengage Learning. ISBN - 13: 978-0-495-90265-2.
Teaching methods
Seminars in both types of study (full-time students and part-time students). The explanation of grammar and vocabulary items will be immediately followed by practical exercises - individual work, work in pairs, group work. Special focus will be given to the evaluation of students' progress.
Assessment methods
Assessment methods:
The course is completed with a credit.
SPECIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT
1 OBLIGATORY PARTICIPATION IN LESSONS The extent of obligatory participation in lessons has been stipulated as follows: 75% applies to full-time students. The subject is assessed based on the student's results in the Credit Test. It testifies to the fulfilment of study obligations.
2 CREDIT TEST Reaching the result of minimum 30 points out of 50 points (maximum) is the precondition to gain the credit. The student is entitled to one regular attempt and he/she can do two resits to pass the Credit Test with the lecturer assigned to him.
Note: The students who will be convicted of fundamental violation of the Study and Examination Code while writing the Credit Test (namely the forbidden use of mobile phones, spy pen cameras etc.) will automatically get the assessment “---“ (i.e. failed).
3 INSUFFICIENT ATTENDANCE In case of insufficient attendance between 75-40%, the assessment “-“ will be entered into the IS and the person concerned automatically loses one attempt to sit the test. The seminar attendance less than 40 % means that the student didn't meet the minimum required study obligations and he/she will be assessed as failed “---". In such a case the student will have to transfer the subject into the following term/academic year, and following the purchase of the necessary credits he/she will have again three attempts to pass the subject (to write the test).
4 STUDENTS WITH INDIVIDUAL STUDY PLAN The students with the approved Individual Study Plan (ISP) are obliged to get in touch with their lecturer in three weeks’ time at the very latest since the beginning of the term in order to agree alternative ways to fulfil their study obligations due to optional attendance. In case the student verifiably neglects this obligation, he/she will be assessed as failed and the code of “---“ will be entered into the IS. The students who were given the status of ISP on the course of the running term are obliged to contact their assigned lecturer in 14 days at the very latest.
Language of instruction
English
Follow-Up Courses
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 12 hodin KS/semestr.
The course is also listed under the following terms Summer 2013, Summer 2014, Summer 2015, Summer 2016, Summer 2017, Summer 2018, Summer 2019, Summer 2020, Summer 2021, Summer 2023, Summer 2024, Summer 2025.

BA_SL_4 Spanish Language 4

University of Finance and Administration
Summer 2021
Extent and Intensity
0/2/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
PhDr. Eva Šašková (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
PhDr. Eva Šašková
Subdepartment of Languages – Department of Social Sciences – Departments – University of Finance and Administration
Contact Person: Ivana Plačková
Timetable of Seminar Groups
BA_SL_4/2ECMCPH: Mon 10:30–11:14 E129, Mon 11:15–12:00 E129, E. Šašková
Prerequisites
BA_SL_3 Spanish Language 3
The requirement for the completion of this course is completion of the course BA_SL_3.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
Course objectives: The course is established for beginners or false beginners. At the end of the course learners should be able to understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce theirselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and are prepared to help. Basic grammar has to be explained: nouns´and pronouns´ declension, word order in clauses, negation. Learners are prepared to gradually achieve the level of A1 by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, respectively A2 by false beginners.
Learning outcomes
On successful completion of the course students will have acquired skills in all four areas of the language (reading, writing, speaking and listening). By the end of the course the average student will be able to understand interactions in everyday settings; in addition he or she will be able to name common objects of daily life, to express a range of basic wishes, and to use the present and past tenses to narrate simple events. Reading is a component of the course, and by the end of the semester students will be able to read brief texts and understand the fundamentals of Spanish textual structures. Students will also practice writing intensively and will be able to narrate events and communicate basic information about themselves. At the end of the course students will have proficiency in Spanish equivalent to level A2 of the Common European Framework.
Syllabus
  • This sylabus is designed for both the full-time and the part-time study programme. Seminars' content:
  • 1-3 Lesson 11: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 4-6 Lesson 11 (grammar): Time expressions with hacer, Irregular preterits, The preterit of stem-changing verbs, (e:i and o:u) Command forms: tú 7-9: Lesson 11 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 10-12 Lesson 12: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 13-15 Lesson 12 (grammar): En and a as equivalents of at, The imperfect tense, The past progressive, The preterit contrasted with the imperfect 16-18 Lesson 12 (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 19-21 Lesson 13: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 22-23 Lesson 13 (grammar): Changes in meaning with the imperfect and preterit of conocer, saber, and querer, Hace meaning ago, Uses of se ¿Qué? and ¿cuál? used with ser 24-26 Lesson 13 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 27-29 Lesson 14: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 30-32 Lesson 14: The past participle, The present perfect tense The past perfect (pluperfect) tense, (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 33-35 Repaso lecciones 11-14
Literature
    required literature
  • JARVIS, Ana C. (2011) Basic Spanish For Business and Finance. Second Edition. Heinle, Cengage Learning. ISBN - 13: 978-0-495-90265-2.
Teaching methods
Seminars in both types of study (full-time students and part-time students). The explanation of grammar and vocabulary items will be immediately followed by practical exercises - individual work, work in pairs, group work. Special focus will be given to the evaluation of students' progress.
Assessment methods
Assessment methods:
The course is completed with a credit.
SPECIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT
1 OBLIGATORY PARTICIPATION IN LESSONS The extent of obligatory participation in lessons has been stipulated as follows: 75% applies to full-time students. The subject is assessed based on the student's results in the Credit Test. It testifies to the fulfilment of study obligations.
2 CREDIT TEST Reaching the result of minimum 30 points out of 50 points (maximum) is the precondition to gain the credit. The student is entitled to one regular attempt and he/she can do two resits to pass the Credit Test with the lecturer assigned to him.
Note: The students who will be convicted of fundamental violation of the Study and Examination Code while writing the Credit Test (namely the forbidden use of mobile phones, spy pen cameras etc.) will automatically get the assessment “---“ (i.e. failed).
3 INSUFFICIENT ATTENDANCE In case of insufficient attendance between 75-40%, the assessment “-“ will be entered into the IS and the person concerned automatically loses one attempt to sit the test. The seminar attendance less than 40 % means that the student didn't meet the minimum required study obligations and he/she will be assessed as failed “---". In such a case the student will have to transfer the subject into the following term/academic year, and following the purchase of the necessary credits he/she will have again three attempts to pass the subject (to write the test).
4 STUDENTS WITH INDIVIDUAL STUDY PLAN The students with the approved Individual Study Plan (ISP) are obliged to get in touch with their lecturer in three weeks’ time at the very latest since the beginning of the term in order to agree alternative ways to fulfil their study obligations due to optional attendance. In case the student verifiably neglects this obligation, he/she will be assessed as failed and the code of “---“ will be entered into the IS. The students who were given the status of ISP on the course of the running term are obliged to contact their assigned lecturer in 14 days at the very latest.
Language of instruction
English
Follow-Up Courses
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 12 hodin KS/semestr.
The course is also listed under the following terms Summer 2013, Summer 2014, Summer 2015, Summer 2016, Summer 2017, Summer 2018, Summer 2019, Summer 2020, Summer 2022, Summer 2023, Summer 2024, Summer 2025.

BA_SL_4 Spanish Language 4

University of Finance and Administration
Summer 2020
Extent and Intensity
0/2/0. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Carlos Peňaranda (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D.
Subdepartment of Languages – Department of Social Sciences – Departments – University of Finance and Administration
Contact Person: Ivana Plačková
Timetable of Seminar Groups
BA_SL_4/2BMPH: Mon 8:45–9:29 E128, Mon 9:30–10:15 E128, C. Peňaranda
BA_SL_4/2MCPH: each odd Monday 14:00–14:44 E127, each odd Monday 14:45–15:30 E127 and each even Monday 12:15–12:59 E228, each even Monday 13:00–13:45 E228, M. Jurásek
Prerequisites
BA_SL_3 Spanish Language 3
The requirement for the completion of this course is completion of the course BA_SL_3.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
Course objectives: The course is established for beginners or false beginners. At the end of the course learners should be able to understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce theirselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and are prepared to help. Basic grammar has to be explained: nouns´and pronouns´ declension, word order in clauses, negation. Learners are prepared to gradually achieve the level of A1 by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, respectively A2 by false beginners.
Learning outcomes
On successful completion of the course students will have acquired skills in all four areas of the language (reading, writing, speaking and listening). By the end of the course the average student will be able to understand interactions in everyday settings; in addition he or she will be able to name common objects of daily life, to express a range of basic wishes, and to use the present and past tenses to narrate simple events. Reading is a component of the course, and by the end of the semester students will be able to read brief texts and understand the fundamentals of Spanish textual structures. Students will also practice writing intensively and will be able to narrate events and communicate basic information about themselves. At the end of the course students will have proficiency in Spanish equivalent to level A2 of the Common European Framework.
Syllabus
  • This sylabus is designed for both the full-time and the part-time study programme. Seminars' content:
  • 1-3 Lesson 11: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 4-6 Lesson 11 (grammar): Time expressions with hacer, Irregular preterits, The preterit of stem-changing verbs, (e:i and o:u) Command forms: tú 7-9: Lesson 11 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 10-12 Lesson 12: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 13-15 Lesson 12 (grammar): En and a as equivalents of at, The imperfect tense, The past progressive, The preterit contrasted with the imperfect 16-18 Lesson 12 (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 19-21 Lesson 13: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 22-23 Lesson 13 (grammar): Changes in meaning with the imperfect and preterit of conocer, saber, and querer, Hace meaning ago, Uses of se ¿Qué? and ¿cuál? used with ser 24-26 Lesson 13 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 27-29 Lesson 14: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 30-32 Lesson 14: The past participle, The present perfect tense The past perfect (pluperfect) tense, (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 33-35 Repaso lecciones 11-14
Literature
    required literature
  • JARVIS, Ana C. (2011) Basic Spanish For Business and Finance. Second Edition. Heinle, Cengage Learning. ISBN - 13: 978-0-495-90265-2.
Teaching methods
Seminars in both types of study (full-time students and part-time students). The explanation of grammar and vocabulary items will be immediately followed by practical exercises - individual work, work in pairs, group work. Special focus will be given to the evaluation of students' progress.
Assessment methods
Assessment methods:
The course is completed with a credit.
SPECIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT
1 OBLIGATORY PARTICIPATION IN LESSONS The extent of obligatory participation in lessons has been stipulated as follows: 75% applies to full-time students. The subject is assessed based on the student's results in the Credit Test. It testifies to the fulfilment of study obligations.
2 CREDIT TEST Reaching the result of minimum 30 points out of 50 points (maximum) is the precondition to gain the credit. The student is entitled to one regular attempt and he/she can do two resits to pass the Credit Test with the lecturer assigned to him.
Note: The students who will be convicted of fundamental violation of the Study and Examination Code while writing the Credit Test (namely the forbidden use of mobile phones, spy pen cameras etc.) will automatically get the assessment “---“ (i.e. failed).
3 INSUFFICIENT ATTENDANCE In case of insufficient attendance between 75-40%, the assessment “-“ will be entered into the IS and the person concerned automatically loses one attempt to sit the test. The seminar attendance less than 40 % means that the student didn't meet the minimum required study obligations and he/she will be assessed as failed “---". In such a case the student will have to transfer the subject into the following term/academic year, and following the purchase of the necessary credits he/she will have again three attempts to pass the subject (to write the test).
4 STUDENTS WITH INDIVIDUAL STUDY PLAN The students with the approved Individual Study Plan (ISP) are obliged to get in touch with their lecturer in three weeks’ time at the very latest since the beginning of the term in order to agree alternative ways to fulfil their study obligations due to optional attendance. In case the student verifiably neglects this obligation, he/she will be assessed as failed and the code of “---“ will be entered into the IS. The students who were given the status of ISP on the course of the running term are obliged to contact their assigned lecturer in 14 days at the very latest.
Language of instruction
English
Follow-Up Courses
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 12 hodin KS/semestr.
The course is also listed under the following terms Summer 2013, Summer 2014, Summer 2015, Summer 2016, Summer 2017, Summer 2018, Summer 2019, Summer 2021, Summer 2022, Summer 2023, Summer 2024, Summer 2025.

BA_SL_4 Spanish Language 4

University of Finance and Administration
Summer 2019
Extent and Intensity
0/2. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D.
Subdepartment of Languages – Department of Social Sciences – Departments – University of Finance and Administration
Contact Person: Ivana Plačková
Timetable of Seminar Groups
BA_SL_4/2BMMCPH: Tue 8:45–9:29 E124, Tue 9:30–10:15 E124, except Tue 19. 3., except Tue 26. 3., except Tue 16. 4. ; and Tue 19. 3. 8:00–8:44 E128, 8:45–9:29 E128, 9:30–10:15 E128, Tue 26. 3. 8:00–8:44 E128, 8:45–9:29 E128, 9:30–10:15 E128, M. Jurásek
Prerequisites
BA_SL_3 Spanish Language 3
The requirement for the completion of this course is completion of the course BA_SL_3.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
Course objectives: The course is established for beginners or false beginners. At the end of the course learners should be able to understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce theirselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and are prepared to help. Basic grammar has to be explained: nouns´and pronouns´ declension, word order in clauses, negation. Learners are prepared to gradually achieve the level of A1 by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, respectively A2 by false beginners.
Learning outcomes
On successful completion of the course students will have acquired skills in all four areas of the language (reading, writing, speaking and listening). By the end of the course the average student will be able to understand interactions in everyday settings; in addition he or she will be able to name common objects of daily life, to express a range of basic wishes, and to use the present and past tenses to narrate simple events. Reading is a component of the course, and by the end of the semester students will be able to read brief texts and understand the fundamentals of Spanish textual structures. Students will also practice writing intensively and will be able to narrate events and communicate basic information about themselves. At the end of the course students will have proficiency in Spanish equivalent to level A2 of the Common European Framework.
Syllabus
  • This sylabus is designed for both the full-time and the part-time study programme. Seminars' content:
  • 1-3 Lesson 11: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 4-6 Lesson 11 (grammar): Time expressions with hacer, Irregular preterits, The preterit of stem-changing verbs, (e:i and o:u) Command forms: tú 7-9: Lesson 11 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 10-12 Lesson 12: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 13-15 Lesson 12 (grammar): En and a as equivalents of at, The imperfect tense, The past progressive, The preterit contrasted with the imperfect 16-18 Lesson 12 (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 19-21 Lesson 13: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 22-23 Lesson 13 (grammar): Changes in meaning with the imperfect and preterit of conocer, saber, and querer, Hace meaning ago, Uses of se ¿Qué? and ¿cuál? used with ser 24-26 Lesson 13 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 27-29 Lesson 14: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 30-32 Lesson 14: The past participle, The present perfect tense The past perfect (pluperfect) tense, (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 33-35 Repaso lecciones 11-14
Literature
    required literature
  • JARVIS, Ana C. (2011) Basic Spanish For Business and Finance. Second Edition. Heinle, Cengage Learning. ISBN - 13: 978-0-495-90265-2.
Teaching methods
Seminars in both types of study (full-time students and part-time students). The explanation of grammar and vocabulary items will be immediately followed by practical exercises - individual work, work in pairs, group work. Special focus will be given to the evaluation of students' progress.
Assessment methods
Assessment methods:
The course is completed with a credit.
SPECIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT
1 OBLIGATORY PARTICIPATION IN LESSONS The extent of obligatory participation in lessons has been stipulated as follows: 75% applies to full-time students. The subject is assessed based on the student's results in the Credit Test. It testifies to the fulfilment of study obligations.
2 CREDIT TEST Reaching the result of minimum 30 points out of 50 points (maximum) is the precondition to gain the credit. The student is entitled to one regular attempt and he/she can do two resits to pass the Credit Test with the lecturer assigned to him.
Note: The students who will be convicted of fundamental violation of the Study and Examination Code while writing the Credit Test (namely the forbidden use of mobile phones, spy pen cameras etc.) will automatically get the assessment “---“ (i.e. failed).
3 INSUFFICIENT ATTENDANCE In case of insufficient attendance between 75-40%, the assessment “-“ will be entered into the IS and the person concerned automatically loses one attempt to sit the test. The seminar attendance less than 40 % means that the student didn't meet the minimum required study obligations and he/she will be assessed as failed “---". In such a case the student will have to transfer the subject into the following term/academic year, and following the purchase of the necessary credits he/she will have again three attempts to pass the subject (to write the test).
4 STUDENTS WITH INDIVIDUAL STUDY PLAN The students with the approved Individual Study Plan (ISP) are obliged to get in touch with their lecturer in three weeks’ time at the very latest since the beginning of the term in order to agree alternative ways to fulfil their study obligations due to optional attendance. In case the student verifiably neglects this obligation, he/she will be assessed as failed and the code of “---“ will be entered into the IS. The students who were given the status of ISP on the course of the running term are obliged to contact their assigned lecturer in 14 days at the very latest.
Language of instruction
English
Follow-Up Courses
Further Comments
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is also listed under the following terms Summer 2013, Summer 2014, Summer 2015, Summer 2016, Summer 2017, Summer 2018, Summer 2020, Summer 2021, Summer 2022, Summer 2023, Summer 2024, Summer 2025.

BA_SL_4 Spanish Language 4

University of Finance and Administration
Summer 2018
Extent and Intensity
0/2. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D.
Subdepartment of Languages – Department of Social Sciences – Departments – University of Finance and Administration
Contact Person: Ivana Plačková
Timetable of Seminar Groups
BA_SL_4/2BMMCPH: Thu 15:45–16:29 E223, Thu 16:30–17:15 E223, M. Jurásek
Prerequisites
BA_SL_3 Spanish Language 3
The requirement for the completion of this course is completion of the course BA_SL_3.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
Course objectives: The course is established for beginners or false beginners. At the end of the course learners should be able to understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce theirselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and are prepared to help. Basic grammar has to be explained: nouns´and pronouns´ declension, word order in clauses, negation. Learners are prepared to gradually achieve the level of A1 by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, respectively A2 by false beginners.
Syllabus
  • This sylabus is designed for both the full-time and the part-time study programme. Seminars' content:
  • 1-3 Lesson 11: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 4-6 Lesson 11 (grammar): Time expressions with hacer, Irregular preterits, The preterit of stem-changing verbs, (e:i and o:u) Command forms: tú 7-9: Lesson 11 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 10-12 Lesson 12: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 13-15 Lesson 12 (grammar): En and a as equivalents of at, The imperfect tense, The past progressive, The preterit contrasted with the imperfect 16-18 Lesson 12 (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 19-21 Lesson 13: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 22-23 Lesson 13 (grammar): Changes in meaning with the imperfect and preterit of conocer, saber, and querer, Hace meaning ago, Uses of se ¿Qué? and ¿cuál? used with ser 24-26 Lesson 13 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 27-29 Lesson 14: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 30-32 Lesson 14: The past participle, The present perfect tense The past perfect (pluperfect) tense, (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 33-35 Repaso lecciones 11-14
Literature
    required literature
  • JARVIS, Ana C. (2011) Basic Spanish For Business and Finance. Second Edition. Heinle, Cengage Learning. ISBN - 13: 978-0-495-90265-2.
Teaching methods
Seminars in both types of study (full-time students and part-time students). The explanation of grammar and vocabulary items will be immediately followed by practical exercises - individual work, work in pairs, group work. Special focus will be given to the evaluation of students' progress.
Assessment methods
Assessment methods:
The course is completed with a credit.
SPECIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT
1 OBLIGATORY PARTICIPATION IN LESSONS The extent of obligatory participation in lessons has been stipulated as follows: 75% applies to full-time students. The subject is assessed based on the student's results in the Credit Test. It testifies to the fulfilment of study obligations.
2 CREDIT TEST Reaching the result of minimum 30 points out of 50 points (maximum) is the precondition to gain the credit. The student is entitled to one regular attempt and he/she can do two resits to pass the Credit Test with the lecturer assigned to him.
Note: The students who will be convicted of fundamental violation of the Study and Examination Code while writing the Credit Test (namely the forbidden use of mobile phones, spy pen cameras etc.) will automatically get the assessment “---“ (i.e. failed).
3 INSUFFICIENT ATTENDANCE In case of insufficient attendance between 75-40%, the assessment “-“ will be entered into the IS and the person concerned automatically loses one attempt to sit the test. The seminar attendance less than 40 % means that the student didn't meet the minimum required study obligations and he/she will be assessed as failed “---". In such a case the student will have to transfer the subject into the following term/academic year, and following the purchase of the necessary credits he/she will have again three attempts to pass the subject (to write the test).
4 STUDENTS WITH INDIVIDUAL STUDY PLAN The students with the approved Individual Study Plan (ISP) are obliged to get in touch with their lecturer in three weeks’ time at the very latest since the beginning of the term in order to agree alternative ways to fulfil their study obligations due to optional attendance. In case the student verifiably neglects this obligation, he/she will be assessed as failed and the code of “---“ will be entered into the IS. The students who were given the status of ISP on the course of the running term are obliged to contact their assigned lecturer in 14 days at the very latest.
Language of instruction
English
Follow-Up Courses
Further Comments
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is also listed under the following terms Summer 2013, Summer 2014, Summer 2015, Summer 2016, Summer 2017, Summer 2019, Summer 2020, Summer 2021, Summer 2022, Summer 2023, Summer 2024, Summer 2025.

BA_SL_4 Spanish Language 4

University of Finance and Administration
Summer 2017
Extent and Intensity
0/2. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D.
Subdepartment of Languages – Department of Social Sciences – Departments – University of Finance and Administration
Contact Person: Ivana Plačková
Timetable of Seminar Groups
BA_SL_4/2BMMCPH: Thu 12:15–12:59 E228, Thu 13:00–13:45 E228, M. Jurásek
Prerequisites
BA_SL_3 Spanish Language 3
The requirement for the completion of this course is completion of the course BA_SL_3.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
Course objectives: The course is established for beginners or false beginners. At the end of the course learners should be able to understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce theirselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and are prepared to help. Basic grammar has to be explained: nouns´and pronouns´ declension, word order in clauses, negation. Learners are prepared to gradually achieve the level of A1 by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, respectively A2 by false beginners.
Syllabus
  • This sylabus is designed for both the full-time and the part-time study programme. Seminars' content:
  • 1-3 Lesson 11: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 4-6 Lesson 11 (grammar): Time expressions with hacer, Irregular preterits, The preterit of stem-changing verbs, (e:i and o:u) Command forms: tú 7-9: Lesson 11 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 10-12 Lesson 12: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 13-15 Lesson 12 (grammar): En and a as equivalents of at, The imperfect tense, The past progressive, The preterit contrasted with the imperfect 16-18 Lesson 12 (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 19-21 Lesson 13: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 22-23 Lesson 13 (grammar): Changes in meaning with the imperfect and preterit of conocer, saber, and querer, Hace meaning ago, Uses of se ¿Qué? and ¿cuál? used with ser 24-26 Lesson 13 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 27-29 Lesson 14: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 30-32 Lesson 14: The past participle, The present perfect tense The past perfect (pluperfect) tense, (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 33-35 Repaso lecciones 11-14
Literature
    required literature
  • JARVIS, Ana C. (2011) Basic Spanish For Business and Finance. Second Edition. Heinle, Cengage Learning. ISBN - 13: 978-0-495-90265-2.
Teaching methods
Seminars in both types of study (full-time students and part-time students). The explanation of grammar and vocabulary items will be immediately followed by practical exercises - individual work, work in pairs, group work. Special focus will be given to the evaluation of students' progress.
Assessment methods
Assessment methods:
The course is completed with a credit.
SPECIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT
1 OBLIGATORY PARTICIPATION IN LESSONS The extent of obligatory participation in lessons has been stipulated as follows: 75% applies to full-time students. The subject is assessed based on the student's results in the Credit Test. It testifies to the fulfilment of study obligations.
2 CREDIT TEST Reaching the result of minimum 30 points out of 50 points (maximum) is the precondition to gain the credit. The student is entitled to one regular attempt and he/she can do two resits to pass the Credit Test with the lecturer assigned to him.
Note: The students who will be convicted of fundamental violation of the Study and Examination Code while writing the Credit Test (namely the forbidden use of mobile phones, spy pen cameras etc.) will automatically get the assessment “---“ (i.e. failed).
3 INSUFFICIENT ATTENDANCE In case of insufficient attendance between 75-40%, the assessment “-“ will be entered into the IS and the person concerned automatically loses one attempt to sit the test. The seminar attendance less than 40 % means that the student didn't meet the minimum required study obligations and he/she will be assessed as failed “---". In such a case the student will have to transfer the subject into the following term/academic year, and following the purchase of the necessary credits he/she will have again three attempts to pass the subject (to write the test).
4 STUDENTS WITH INDIVIDUAL STUDY PLAN The students with the approved Individual Study Plan (ISP) are obliged to get in touch with their lecturer in three weeks’ time at the very latest since the beginning of the term in order to agree alternative ways to fulfil their study obligations due to optional attendance. In case the student verifiably neglects this obligation, he/she will be assessed as failed and the code of “---“ will be entered into the IS. The students who were given the status of ISP on the course of the running term are obliged to contact their assigned lecturer in 14 days at the very latest.
Language of instruction
English
Follow-Up Courses
Further Comments
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is also listed under the following terms Summer 2013, Summer 2014, Summer 2015, Summer 2016, Summer 2018, Summer 2019, Summer 2020, Summer 2021, Summer 2022, Summer 2023, Summer 2024, Summer 2025.

BA_SL_4 Spanish Language 4

University of Finance and Administration
Summer 2016
Extent and Intensity
0/2. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D.
Subdepartment of Languages – Department of Social Sciences – Departments – University of Finance and Administration
Contact Person: Ivana Plačková
Timetable of Seminar Groups
BA_SL_4/2BMMCPH: Tue 12:15–12:59 E304, Tue 13:00–13:45 E304, M. Jurásek
Prerequisites
BA_SL_3 Spanish Language 3
Succesful completion of BA_SL_3
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
Course objectives: The course is established for beginners or false beginners. At the end of the course learners should be able to understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce theirselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and are prepared to help. Basic grammar has to be explained: nouns´and pronouns´ declension, word order in clauses, negation. Learners are prepared to gradually achieve the level of A1 by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, respectively A2 by false beginners.
Syllabus
  • This sylabus is designed for both the full-time and the part-time study programme. Seminars' content:
  • 1-3 Lesson 11: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 4-6 Lesson 11 (grammar): Time expressions with hacer, Irregular preterits, The preterit of stem-changing verbs, (e:i and o:u) Command forms: tú 7-9: Lesson 11 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 10-12 Lesson 12: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 13-15 Lesson 12 (grammar): En and a as equivalents of at, The imperfect tense, The past progressive, The preterit contrasted with the imperfect 16-18 Lesson 12 (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 19-21 Lesson 13: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 22-23 Lesson 13 (grammar): Changes in meaning with the imperfect and preterit of conocer, saber, and querer, Hace meaning ago, Uses of se ¿Qué? and ¿cuál? used with ser 24-26 Lesson 13 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 27-29 Lesson 14: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 30-32 Lesson 14: The past participle, The present perfect tense The past perfect (pluperfect) tense, (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 33-35 Repaso lecciones 11-14
Literature
    required literature
  • JARVIS, Ana C. (2011) Basic Spanish For Business and Finance. Second Edition. Heinle, Cengage Learning. ISBN - 13: 978-0-495-90265-2.
Teaching methods
Seminars in both types of study (full-time students and part-time students). The explanation of grammar and vocabulary items will be immediately followed by practical exercises - individual work, work in pairs, group work. Special focus will be given to the evaluation of students' progress.
Assessment methods
Assessment methods:
The course is completed with a credit.
SPECIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT
1 OBLIGATORY PARTICIPATION IN LESSONS The extent of obligatory participation in lessons has been stipulated as follows: 75% applies to full-time students. The subject is assessed based on the student's results in the Credit Test. It testifies to the fulfilment of study obligations.
2 CREDIT TEST Reaching the result of minimum 30 points out of 50 points (maximum) is the precondition to gain the credit. The student is entitled to one regular attempt and he/she can do two resits to pass the Credit Test with the lecturer assigned to him.
Note: The students who will be convicted of fundamental violation of the Study and Examination Code while writing the Credit Test (namely the forbidden use of mobile phones, spy pen cameras etc.) will automatically get the assessment “---“ (i.e. failed).
3 INSUFFICIENT ATTENDANCE In case of insufficient attendance between 75-40%, the assessment “-“ will be entered into the IS and the person concerned automatically loses one attempt to sit the test. The seminar attendance less than 40 % means that the student didn't meet the minimum required study obligations and he/she will be assessed as failed “---". In such a case the student will have to transfer the subject into the following term/academic year, and following the purchase of the necessary credits he/she will have again three attempts to pass the subject (to write the test).
4 STUDENTS WITH INDIVIDUAL STUDY PLAN The students with the approved Individual Study Plan (ISP) are obliged to get in touch with their lecturer in three weeks’ time at the very latest since the beginning of the term in order to agree alternative ways to fulfil their study obligations due to optional attendance. In case the student verifiably neglects this obligation, he/she will be assessed as failed and the code of “---“ will be entered into the IS. The students who were given the status of ISP on the course of the running term are obliged to contact their assigned lecturer in 14 days at the very latest.
Language of instruction
English
Follow-Up Courses
Further Comments
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
The course is also listed under the following terms Summer 2013, Summer 2014, Summer 2015, Summer 2017, Summer 2018, Summer 2019, Summer 2020, Summer 2021, Summer 2022, Summer 2023, Summer 2024, Summer 2025.

BA_SL_4 Spanish Language 4

University of Finance and Administration
Summer 2015
Extent and Intensity
0/3. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D.
Subdepartment of Languages – Department of Social Sciences – Departments – University of Finance and Administration
Contact Person: Ivana Plačková
Timetable of Seminar Groups
BA_SL_4/2BMMCPH: Thu 12:15–12:59 E224, Thu 13:00–13:45 E224, M. Jurásek
Prerequisites
BA_SL_3 Spanish Language 3
Succesful completion of BA_SL_3
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
Course objectives: The course is established for beginners or false beginners. At the end of the course learners should be able to understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce theirselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and are prepared to help. Basic grammar has to be explained: nouns´and pronouns´ declension, word order in clauses, negation. Learners are prepared to gradually achieve the level of A1 by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, respectively A2 by false beginners.
Syllabus
  • This sylabus is designed for both the full-time and the part-time study programme. Seminars' content:
  • 1-3 Lesson 11: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 4-6 Lesson 11 (grammar): Time expressions with hacer, Irregular preterits, The preterit of stem-changing verbs, (e:i and o:u) Command forms: tú 7-9: Lesson 11 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 10-12 Lesson 12: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 13-15 Lesson 12 (grammar): En and a as equivalents of at, The imperfect tense, The past progressive, The preterit contrasted with the imperfect 16-18 Lesson 12 (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 19-21 Lesson 13: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 22-23 Lesson 13 (grammar): Changes in meaning with the imperfect and preterit of conocer, saber, and querer, Hace meaning ago, Uses of se ¿Qué? and ¿cuál? used with ser 24-26 Lesson 13 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 27-29 Lesson 14: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 30-32 Lesson 14: The past participle, The present perfect tense The past perfect (pluperfect) tense, (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 33-35 Repaso lecciones 11-14
Literature
    required literature
  • JARVIS, Ana C. (2011) Basic Spanish For Business and Finance. Second Edition. Heinle, Cengage Learning. ISBN - 13: 978-0-495-90265-2.
Teaching methods
Seminars in both types of study (full-time students and part-time students). The explanation of grammar and vocabulary items will be immediately followed by practical exercises - individual work, work in pairs, group work. Special focus will be given to the evaluation of students' progress.
Assessment methods
Assessment methods:
The course is completed with a credit.
SPECIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT
1 OBLIGATORY PARTICIPATION IN LESSONS The extent of obligatory participation in lessons has been stipulated as follows: 75% applies to full-time students. The subject is assessed based on the student's results in the Credit Test. It testifies to the fulfilment of study obligations.
2 CREDIT TEST Reaching the result of minimum 30 points out of 50 points (maximum) is the precondition to gain the credit. The student is entitled to one regular attempt and he/she can do two resits to pass the Credit Test with the lecturer assigned to him.
Note: The students who will be convicted of fundamental violation of the Study and Examination Code while writing the Credit Test (namely the forbidden use of mobile phones, spy pen cameras etc.) will automatically get the assessment “---“ (i.e. failed).
3 INSUFFICIENT ATTENDANCE In case of insufficient attendance between 75-40%, the assessment “-“ will be entered into the IS and the person concerned automatically loses one attempt to sit the test. The seminar attendance less than 40 % means that the student didn't meet the minimum required study obligations and he/she will be assessed as failed “---". In such a case the student will have to transfer the subject into the following term/academic year, and following the purchase of the necessary credits he/she will have again three attempts to pass the subject (to write the test).
4 STUDENTS WITH INDIVIDUAL STUDY PLAN The students with the approved Individual Study Plan (ISP) are obliged to get in touch with their lecturer in three weeks’ time at the very latest since the beginning of the term in order to agree alternative ways to fulfil their study obligations due to optional attendance. In case the student verifiably neglects this obligation, he/she will be assessed as failed and the code of “---“ will be entered into the IS. The students who were given the status of ISP on the course of the running term are obliged to contact their assigned lecturer in 14 days at the very latest.
Language of instruction
English
Follow-Up Courses
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 12 hodin KS/semestr.
The course is also listed under the following terms Summer 2013, Summer 2014, Summer 2016, Summer 2017, Summer 2018, Summer 2019, Summer 2020, Summer 2021, Summer 2022, Summer 2023, Summer 2024, Summer 2025.

BA_SL_4 Spanish Language 4

University of Finance and Administration
Summer 2014
Extent and Intensity
0/3. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D.
Subdepartment of Languages – Department of Social Sciences – Departments – University of Finance and Administration
Contact Person: Ivana Plačková
Timetable of Seminar Groups
BA_SL_4/2BMMCPH: Thu 12:15–12:59 E305, Thu 13:00–13:45 E305, Thu 14:00–14:44 E305, M. Jurásek
Prerequisites
Succesful completion of BA_SL_3
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
Course objectives: The course is established for beginners or false beginners. At the end of the course learners should be able to understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce theirselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and are prepared to help. Basic grammar has to be explained: nouns´and pronouns´ declension, word order in clauses, negation. Learners are prepared to gradually achieve the level of A1 by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, respectively A2 by false beginners.
Syllabus
  • This sylabus is designed for both the full-time and the part-time study programme. Seminars' content:
  • 1-3 Lesson 11: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 4-6 Lesson 11 (grammar): Time expressions with hacer, Irregular preterits, The preterit of stem-changing verbs, (e:i and o:u) Command forms: tú 7-9: Lesson 11 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 10-12 Lesson 12: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 13-15 Lesson 12 (grammar): En and a as equivalents of at, The imperfect tense, The past progressive, The preterit contrasted with the imperfect 16-18 Lesson 12 (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 19-21 Lesson 13: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 22-23 Lesson 13 (grammar): Changes in meaning with the imperfect and preterit of conocer, saber, and querer, Hace meaning ago, Uses of se ¿Qué? and ¿cuál? used with ser 24-26 Lesson 13 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 27-29 Lesson 14: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 30-32 Lesson 14: The past participle, The present perfect tense The past perfect (pluperfect) tense, (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 33-35 Repaso lecciones 11-14
Literature
    required literature
  • JARVIS, Ana C. (2011) Basic Spanish For Business and Finance. Second Edition. Heinle, Cengage Learning. ISBN - 13: 978-0-495-90265-2.
Teaching methods
Seminars in both types of study (full-time students and part-time students). The explanation of grammar and vocabulary items will be immediately followed by practical exercises - individual work, work in pairs, group work. Special focus will be given to the evaluation of students' progress.
Assessment methods
Assessment methods:
The course is completed with a credit.
SPECIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT
1 OBLIGATORY PARTICIPATION IN LESSONS The extent of obligatory participation in lessons has been stipulated as follows: 75% applies to full-time students. The subject is assessed based on the student's results in the Credit Test. It testifies to the fulfilment of study obligations.
2 CREDIT TEST Reaching the result of minimum 30 points out of 50 points (maximum) is the precondition to gain the credit. The student is entitled to one regular attempt and he/she can do two resits to pass the Credit Test with the lecturer assigned to him.
Note: The students who will be convicted of fundamental violation of the Study and Examination Code while writing the Credit Test (namely the forbidden use of mobile phones, spy pen cameras etc.) will automatically get the assessment “---“ (i.e. failed).
3 INSUFFICIENT ATTENDANCE In case of insufficient attendance between 75-40%, the assessment “-“ will be entered into the IS and the person concerned automatically loses one attempt to sit the test. The seminar attendance less than 40 % means that the student didn't meet the minimum required study obligations and he/she will be assessed as failed “---". In such a case the student will have to transfer the subject into the following term/academic year, and following the purchase of the necessary credits he/she will have again three attempts to pass the subject (to write the test).
4 STUDENTS WITH INDIVIDUAL STUDY PLAN The students with the approved Individual Study Plan (ISP) are obliged to get in touch with their lecturer in three weeks’ time at the very latest since the beginning of the term in order to agree alternative ways to fulfil their study obligations due to optional attendance. In case the student verifiably neglects this obligation, he/she will be assessed as failed and the code of “---“ will be entered into the IS. The students who were given the status of ISP on the course of the running term are obliged to contact their assigned lecturer in 14 days at the very latest.
Language of instruction
English
Follow-Up Courses
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
General note: 0.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 12 hodin KS/semestr.
The course is also listed under the following terms Summer 2013, Summer 2015, Summer 2016, Summer 2017, Summer 2018, Summer 2019, Summer 2020, Summer 2021, Summer 2022, Summer 2023, Summer 2024, Summer 2025.

BA_SL_4 Spanish Language 4

University of Finance and Administration
Summer 2013
Extent and Intensity
0/3. 3 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Teacher(s)
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D. (seminar tutor)
Guaranteed by
Mgr. Ing. Miroslav Jurásek, Ph.D.
Subdepartment of Languages – Department of Social Sciences – Departments – University of Finance and Administration
Contact Person: Ivana Plačková
Timetable of Seminar Groups
BA_SL_4/2BMMCPH: Tue 9:30–10:15 E305, Tue 10:30–11:14 E305, Tue 11:15–12:00 E305, M. Jurásek
Prerequisites
Succesful completion of BA_SL_3
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is offered to students of any study field.
Course objectives
Course objectives: The course is established for beginners or false beginners. At the end of the course learners should be able to understand and use familiar everyday expressions and very basic phrases aimed at the satisfaction of needs of a concrete type. They can introduce theirselves and others and can ask and answer questions about personal details such as where they live, people they know and things they have. They can interact in a simple way provided the other person talks slowly and clearly and are prepared to help. Basic grammar has to be explained: nouns´and pronouns´ declension, word order in clauses, negation. Learners are prepared to gradually achieve the level of A1 by the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages, respectively A2 by false beginners.
Syllabus
  • This sylabus is designed for both the full-time and the part-time study programme. Seminars' content:
  • 1-3 Lesson 11: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 4-6 Lesson 11 (grammar): Time expressions with hacer, Irregular preterits, The preterit of stem-changing verbs, (e:i and o:u) Command forms: tú 7-9: Lesson 11 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 10-12 Lesson 12: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 13-15 Lesson 12 (grammar): En and a as equivalents of at, The imperfect tense, The past progressive, The preterit contrasted with the imperfect 16-18 Lesson 12 (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 19-21 Lesson 13: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 22-23 Lesson 13 (grammar): Changes in meaning with the imperfect and preterit of conocer, saber, and querer, Hace meaning ago, Uses of se ¿Qué? and ¿cuál? used with ser 24-26 Lesson 13 (conversation): En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 27-29 Lesson 14: reading the text and doing others activities referring to this text (vocabulary, comprehension and so on) 30-32 Lesson 14: The past participle, The present perfect tense The past perfect (pluperfect) tense, (conversation: En estas situaciones, Casos, Un paso más, Lectura 33-35 Repaso lecciones 11-14
Literature
    required literature
  • JARVIS, Ana C. (2011) Basic Spanish For Business and Finance. Second Edition. Heinle, Cengage Learning. ISBN - 13: 978-0-495-90265-2.
Teaching methods
Seminars in both types of study (full-time students and part-time students). The explanation of grammar and vocabulary items will be immediately followed by practical exercises - individual work, work in pairs, group work. Special focus will be given to the evaluation of students' progress.
Assessment methods
Assessment methods:
The course is completed with a credit.
SPECIFICATION OF REQUIREMENTS FOR CREDIT
1 OBLIGATORY PARTICIPATION IN LESSONS The extent of obligatory participation in lessons has been stipulated as follows: 75% applies to full-time students. The subject is assessed based on the student's results in the Credit Test. It testifies to the fulfilment of study obligations.
2 CREDIT TEST Reaching the result of minimum 30 points out of 50 points (maximum) is the precondition to gain the credit. The student is entitled to one regular attempt and he/she can do two resits to pass the Credit Test with the lecturer assigned to him.
Note: The students who will be convicted of fundamental violation of the Study and Examination Code while writing the Credit Test (namely the forbidden use of mobile phones, spy pen cameras etc.) will automatically get the assessment “---“ (i.e. failed).
3 INSUFFICIENT ATTENDANCE In case of insufficient attendance between 75-40%, the assessment “-“ will be entered into the IS and the person concerned automatically loses one attempt to sit the test. The seminar attendance less than 40 % means that the student didn't meet the minimum required study obligations and he/she will be assessed as failed “---". In such a case the student will have to transfer the subject into the following term/academic year, and following the purchase of the necessary credits he/she will have again three attempts to pass the subject (to write the test).
4 STUDENTS WITH INDIVIDUAL STUDY PLAN The students with the approved Individual Study Plan (ISP) are obliged to get in touch with their lecturer in three weeks’ time at the very latest since the beginning of the term in order to agree alternative ways to fulfil their study obligations due to optional attendance. In case the student verifiably neglects this obligation, he/she will be assessed as failed and the code of “---“ will be entered into the IS. The students who were given the status of ISP on the course of the running term are obliged to contact their assigned lecturer in 14 days at the very latest.
Language of instruction
English
Follow-Up Courses
Further comments (probably available only in Czech)
The course can also be completed outside the examination period.
Information on the extent and intensity of the course: 12 hodin KS/semestr.
The course is also listed under the following terms Summer 2014, Summer 2015, Summer 2016, Summer 2017, Summer 2018, Summer 2019, Summer 2020, Summer 2021, Summer 2022, Summer 2023, Summer 2024, Summer 2025.
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