The paper is devoted to the issue of voluntary associations of municipalities in connection with the solution of the problem of effective performance of public admi- nistration, which arises due to the fact that territorial public administration is marked in the Czech Republic and its effectiveness is limited by the existence of a large number of small municipalities. The historical and recent reasons for this situation are analyzed and variants of solutions are proposed, for which voluntary associations of municipalities could be used using the applicable legislation and their changes.