This article is focused on selected socioeconomic issues of Czech labour market in comparison to current trends in Europe. It researches the hypothesis that the current reality significantly differs from the neoclassical labour market theory assumptions, while we do not question the (neo)classical elementary dependencies and logic of supply and demand interaction. Special focus is put on the role of social insurance and other social protection mechanisms in current employment relationships. Then the situation is analyzed in the context of social structure and increasing requirements on employees. A concept of guaranteed basic income is assessed, however not recommended for the current Czech economy in favour of more sophisticated solutions which strive for social integration.