This paper focuses on the indicator Economic Value Added (EVA) in Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in the transitional economy of the Czech Republic. Our research question is to find the actual level of this indicator in conditions of different segments of SMEs market and to compare it with large companies. The second research question is to find whether the level of EVA differs depending on different branch of industry in which the SMEs operate. And the last question is to assess whether the level of EVA changes in relation with selected in company indicators. The research employs a set of 16,302 company data obtained from database Albertina. Our results confirmed findings of previous research works and furthermore they show that the level of EVA indicator is generally very low in the Czech Republic even in the large companies. The findings have many limitations, but the results may serve as an introductory study for the following research on company performance and decision-making.