The taking of evidence in criminal proceedings in forensic and legal practice requires mastering the theoretical foundations of general and forensic special theories on traces and identification based on the creative application of knowledge of related scientific disciplines and scientific generalization of currently performed forensic, expert and judicial practice. This synthesis provides for the determination of the main directions of scientific investigation and the application of the obtained forensic knowledge of traces and identification for the purposeful assurance of the success of the taking of evidence in criminal proceedings.