Theses on a related topic (having the same keywords):
tiskova reklama, decision-making processes, communication process, target audience, cilova skupina, produkt, znacka, print advertising psychology, komunikacni proces, psychologie, spotrebitel, marketing, rozhodovaci proces, psychical processes, osobnost, brand, personality, psychicke procesy, segmentace trhu, consumer, market segmentationKeywords ordered alphabetically | Keywords ordered by occurrence rate
2901.
Zarbali, Nihal
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Osobnost lídra strany jako hlavní motiv politických kampaní | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Osobnost lídra strany jako hlavní motiv politických kampaní | Theses on a related topic
2902.
Zárubová, Monika
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication (combination/specialization: Marketing)
Master's thesis defence: Integrovaná marketingová komunikace Letiště Praha a.s. a synergický efekt jednotlivých nástrojů | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication (combination/specialization: Marketing)
Master's thesis defence: Integrovaná marketingová komunikace Letiště Praha a.s. a synergický efekt jednotlivých nástrojů | Theses on a related topic
2903.
Zavadovský, Igor
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Marketing Communication / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketing a jeho strategie v kryptoměnách | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Marketing Communication / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketing a jeho strategie v kryptoměnách | Theses on a related topic
2904.
Zawallich, Eike
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Master's thesis defence: Branding-its history and new challenges - Henkel AG & Co. KGaA, as an example of development and new challenges in branding | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Master's thesis defence: Branding-its history and new challenges - Henkel AG & Co. KGaA, as an example of development and new challenges in branding | Theses on a related topic
2905.
Zázvorka, Adam
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Prostředky marketingové komunikace pro vybranou cílovou skupinu – senioři | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Prostředky marketingové komunikace pro vybranou cílovou skupinu – senioři | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Prostředky marketingové komunikace pro vybranou cílovou skupinu – senioři | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Prostředky marketingové komunikace pro vybranou cílovou skupinu – senioři | Theses on a related topic
2906.
Zázvorková, Aneta
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2016, studies terminated for failure to fulfill study requirements
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Analýza etických aspektů v marketingové komunikaci | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2016, studies terminated for failure to fulfill study requirements
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Analýza etických aspektů v marketingové komunikaci | Theses on a related topic
2907.
Zeithamlová, Kateřina
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance (combination/specialization: Management & Marketing)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vybrané aspekty hodnocení efektů majetkové transformace | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance (combination/specialization: Management & Marketing)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vybrané aspekty hodnocení efektů majetkové transformace | Theses on a related topic
2908.
Zelená, Jana
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Master's thesis defence: Výběr média pro komunikační mix | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Master's thesis defence: Výběr média pro komunikační mix | Theses on a related topic
2909.
Zelenková, Barbora
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Dlouhodobé marketingové plány podniků | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Dlouhodobé marketingové plány podniků | Theses on a related topic
2910.
Zelenková, Iva maiden name: Krejzová
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economic Policy and Administration / Finance and Financial Services
Bachelor's thesis defence: Penzijní fondy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economic Policy and Administration / Finance and Financial Services
Bachelor's thesis defence: Penzijní fondy | Theses on a related topic
2911.
Zemanová, Anna
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Law / Law and Business
Bachelor's thesis defence: Právní úprava ochrany proti nekalé soutěži v ČR | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Law / Law and Business
Bachelor's thesis defence: Právní úprava ochrany proti nekalé soutěži v ČR | Theses on a related topic
2912.
Zemanová, Eliška
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Law / Law and Business
Bachelor's thesis defence: Spotřebitelské smlouvy a jejich využití v praxi | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Law / Law and Business
Bachelor's thesis defence: Spotřebitelské smlouvy a jejich využití v praxi | Theses on a related topic
2913.
Zhadova, Anna
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Marketing Communication / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Etika a družstva: Odpovědné podnikání, družstevní vlastnictví a marketingová komunikace družstev | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Marketing Communication / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Etika a družstva: Odpovědné podnikání, družstevní vlastnictví a marketingová komunikace družstev | Theses on a related topic
2914.
Zheleznichenko, Valeriya
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication & Bachelor of Science in Business Administration
Bachelor's thesis defence: How the PR agency is evolving and what is the future of PR? | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication & Bachelor of Science in Business Administration
Bachelor's thesis defence: How the PR agency is evolving and what is the future of PR? | Theses on a related topic
2915.
Zhidov, Konstantin
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Master's thesis defence: Magnitude of Corporate Communication with Media | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Master's thesis defence: Magnitude of Corporate Communication with Media | Theses on a related topic
2916.
Zhumashova, Arailym
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance
Bachelor's thesis defence: Řízení značky a následná komunikační strategie v podnikové praxi | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance
Bachelor's thesis defence: Řízení značky a následná komunikační strategie v podnikové praxi | Theses on a related topic
2917.
Zhuravlev, Artur
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Transmitting the personal image on corporations, brands and products as a marketing communication tool | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Transmitting the personal image on corporations, brands and products as a marketing communication tool | Theses on a related topic
2918.
Zigulia, Elizaveta
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Marketing Communication / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Sales Promotion Methods and Techniques – Consumer Contest | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Marketing Communication / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Sales Promotion Methods and Techniques – Consumer Contest | Theses on a related topic
2919.
Zikmund, Filip
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication (combination/specialization: Marketing)
Master's thesis defence: Specifika Merchandisingu sportovních klubů | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication (combination/specialization: Marketing)
Master's thesis defence: Specifika Merchandisingu sportovních klubů | Theses on a related topic
2920.
Zimáková, Tereza
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Efektivní marketingová komunikace v neziskové sféře | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Efektivní marketingová komunikace v neziskové sféře | Theses on a related topic
2921.
Zimáková, Tereza
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication (combination/specialization: Mediarelations)
Master's thesis defence: Specifika psychologie marketingové komunikace pro seniory | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication (combination/specialization: Mediarelations)
Master's thesis defence: Specifika psychologie marketingové komunikace pro seniory | Theses on a related topic
2922.
Zmeškal, Lukáš
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance
Bachelor's thesis defence: Restrukturalizace podniku z pohledu prodeje | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance
Bachelor's thesis defence: Restrukturalizace podniku z pohledu prodeje | Theses on a related topic
2923.
Zmeškal, Lukáš
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance (combination/specialization: Trade and Marketing)
Master's thesis defence: Efektivnost firmy z pohledu prodeje a marketingu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance (combination/specialization: Trade and Marketing)
Master's thesis defence: Efektivnost firmy z pohledu prodeje a marketingu | Theses on a related topic
2924.
Zorina, Anastasia
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr pro založení studia krásy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr pro založení studia krásy | Theses on a related topic
2925.
Zoubková, Markéta maiden name: Novotná
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Master's thesis defence: Budování globální značky produktu pomocí nástrojů IMK ve vybraném podniku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Master's thesis defence: Budování globální značky produktu pomocí nástrojů IMK ve vybraném podniku | Theses on a related topic
2926.
Zoulová, Jitka
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication (combination/specialization: Marketing)
Master's thesis defence: Úloha marketingové komunikace v marketingovém řízení města a obce | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication (combination/specialization: Marketing)
Master's thesis defence: Úloha marketingové komunikace v marketingovém řízení města a obce | Theses on a related topic
2927.
Zradička, Kristian
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vliv marketingu na efektivnost E-commerce obchodu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vliv marketingu na efektivnost E-commerce obchodu | Theses on a related topic
2928.
Zralík, Jakub
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Prostředky marketingové komunikace pro vybranou cílovou skupinu - děti a mládež | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Prostředky marketingové komunikace pro vybranou cílovou skupinu - děti a mládež | Theses on a related topic
2929.
Zrubecká, Alexandra
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Online Marketing in Cosmetics Industry | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Online Marketing in Cosmetics Industry | Theses on a related topic
2930.
Zrubecká, Alexandra
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Marketing Communication / Marketing Communication
Master's thesis defence: Starting a tourism accommodation business | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Marketing Communication / Marketing Communication
Master's thesis defence: Starting a tourism accommodation business | Theses on a related topic
2931.
Zverev, Dmitrii
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vývoj nástrojů audiovizuální reklamy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vývoj nástrojů audiovizuální reklamy | Theses on a related topic
2932.
Zverková, Michaela
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Audiovizuální virální sdělení, předpoklady jeho komunikační úspěšnosti – výběr kazuistik, analýza obsahu a formy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Audiovizuální virální sdělení, předpoklady jeho komunikační úspěšnosti – výběr kazuistik, analýza obsahu a formy | Theses on a related topic
2933.
Žáček, Daniel
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Marketing Communication / Marketing Communication
Master's thesis defence: Storytelling in the videogame industry | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Marketing Communication / Marketing Communication
Master's thesis defence: Storytelling in the videogame industry | Theses on a related topic
2934.
Žáčková, Tereza
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Tvorba reklamní kampaně | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Tvorba reklamní kampaně | Theses on a related topic
2935.
Žákovcová, Barbora
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Činnost neziskových organizací v České republice | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Činnost neziskových organizací v České republice | Theses on a related topic
2936.
Žákovcová, Barbora
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication (combination/specialization: Mediarelations)
Master's thesis defence: Moderní nástroje internetového marketingu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication (combination/specialization: Mediarelations)
Master's thesis defence: Moderní nástroje internetového marketingu | Theses on a related topic
2937.
Železný, Jakub
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance (combination/specialization: Business Management)
Master's thesis defence: Efektivita internetového marketingu při budování zákaznické loajality realitní kanceláře | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance (combination/specialization: Business Management)
Master's thesis defence: Efektivita internetového marketingu při budování zákaznické loajality realitní kanceláře | Theses on a related topic
2938.
Žemličková, Jana
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2008, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance
Master's thesis defence: Založení podniku - sdružení fyzických osob a jeho pozdější transformace na s.r.o. | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2008, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Business Management and Corporate Finance
Master's thesis defence: Založení podniku - sdružení fyzických osob a jeho pozdější transformace na s.r.o. | Theses on a related topic
2939.
Žipaj, Michal
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Brand strategie v prostředí online marketingu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Brand strategie v prostředí online marketingu | Theses on a related topic
2940.
Žišková, Lucie maiden name: Drábová
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová komunikační kampaň na vybraný projekt | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová komunikační kampaň na vybraný projekt | Theses on a related topic
2941.
Žišková, Lucie maiden name: Drábová
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication (combination/specialization: Marketing, Marketing, Marketing)
Master's thesis defence: Individualizace vztahů v Marketingu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication (combination/specialization: Marketing, Marketing, Marketing)
Master's thesis defence: Individualizace vztahů v Marketingu | Theses on a related topic
2942.
Žižka, Vojtěch
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketing sdílené ekonomiky v ubytovacích službách | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing Communication
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketing sdílené ekonomiky v ubytovacích službách | Theses on a related topic
2943.
Žižková, Tereza
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Law / Criminalistics and Law
Bachelor's thesis defence: Psychologické aspekty posuzování nebezpečnosti pachatele | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: University of Finance and Administration
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Specialization in Law / Criminalistics and Law
Bachelor's thesis defence: Psychologické aspekty posuzování nebezpečnosti pachatele | Theses on a related topic